Most individuals tend to use the terms ADD and ADHD interchangeably, presumably using them to refer to the same thing. Although both are attention-related disorders, there are significant differences. If you've ever asked yourself what's the difference between ADD and ADHD, or questioned yourself: Is ADD and ADHD the same, then you're in the right place. Let's deconstruct both terms, learn the differences, and see what contemporary medicine has to say about diagnosis, treatment, and support.
ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that influences the way people pay attention, control impulses, and regulate activity levels. It usually emerges in early childhood and can extend through adolescence and adulthood.
Typical symptoms include:
● Difficulty in sustaining attention
● Hyperactivity (fidgeting, restlessness)
● Impulsive actions (interrupting, acting on impulse)
ADHD can affect daily life, school performance, relationships, and workplace productivity if left untreated. Notably, it impacts people differently, and not all people with ADHD are hyperactive.
ADD, Attention Deficit Disorder, is a term that was used to refer to people who had trouble concentrating but did not exhibit hyperactivity or impulsivity.
ADD is no longer a term used in clinical diagnoses today. Rather, what was previously known as ADD is now formally defined as ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Presentation, by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
The main signs of this condition are:
● Daydreaming or being "elsewhere" in the mind
● Having trouble with instructions
● Losing things
● Easily distracting
● Forgetting things in everyday activities
Short answer: Yes. ADD and ADHD are now known to be part of the same disorder with varying patterns of symptoms. The term ADD is outdated but still commonly used in informal talk and older publications.
The only difference between ADD and ADHD is not in the underlying condition but in how symptoms are presented. Whether hyperactive or mostly inattentive, a person comes under the overarching category of ADHD.
Health professionals currently break down ADHD into three primary types, each with own prevailing set of symptoms:
● Predominantly Inattentive Type (formerly known as ADD)
● Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
● Combined Type (inattention + hyperactivity/impulsivity)
Here'sa quick rundown:
The awareness of these subtle differences facilitates more precise observations and decisions about care or professional services.
ADD is no longer considered a medical diagnosis. After the update in the DSM-5 (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition), all types of attention disorders are now diagnosed as ADHD.
Diagnosis usually includes:
● Clinical interviews with the person and family
● Behavioural checklists or questionnaires
● Medical and developmental history
Inattentive-type ADHD (previous ADD) may be particularly difficult to detect since the symptoms are less obvious and usually mistaken for laziness, lack of interest, or low motivation.
Although the ADD vs. ADHD difference may impact symptom presentation, the underlying treatment strategies tend to be similar across forms. The aim is to control symptoms, enhance function, and promote emotional well-being.
● Behavioural therapy – Assists in the acquisition of coping skills, habits, and structure.
● Medications – Stimulants (such as methylphenidate) or non-stimulants (such as atomoxetine) can aid in enhancing attention and regulation.
● Educational support – Changes in the classroom, tutoring, and accommodations in school.
● Organisational techniques – Utilising planners, reminders, timers, and well-defined routines.
Individuals with primarily inattentive ADHD are likely to benefit most from strategies that focus on improving concentration and planning.
Cloudnine is unique in its focus, extending beyond the treatment and diagnosis. The evidence-based, personalised method there gives primary importance to holistic care for each person, regardless of age or origin. With experienced psychologists, paediatricians, and mental health practitioners on board, Cloudnine establishes an environment where evaluation, counselling, and ongoing support become a haven. Clear communication, family participation, and pragmatic solutions are given importance to empower not just the patients but also the caregivers.
Though ADD vs ADHD may appear to be two distinct ailments, they are today medically recognised as two presentations of the same disorder. ADD has been substituted with ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Type, to more clearly indicate the present recognition of attention disorders.
Identifying the category of ADHD, inattentive, hyperactive, or combined, plays a key role in determining the proper support system and care. Early detection, empathetic counselling, and systematic care can play a significant role in controlling ADHD successfully.
